how to making bificail solar panel
Producing bifacial solar panels involves a series of manufacturing processes and equipment. Bifacial solar panels are designed to absorb sunlight from both sides, thereby increasing their energy efficiency. The main steps involved in the production of bifacial solar panels are described below.
1 Back-sheet material preparation: A back-sheet is a polymer film that serves as the back cover of the solar panel. It protects the solar cells from exposure to the environment while the panel generates electricity. The back-sheet material is prepared by extruding a high-quality polymer such as polyester or fluoride onto a conductive aluminum foil or PET film.
2 Solar cell assembly: The solar cells used in bifacial solar panels are often made from single-crystal silicon or polycrystalline silicon. During the solar cell assembly process, the cells are interconnected to form a string, using a ribbon of conductive metal wire that is typically made of copper or aluminum. This process of interconnecting cells is known as tabbing and stringing.
3 Encapsulation: Encapsulation is an important process in the production of bifacial solar panels. Typically, a layer of ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) is used to adhere the cells to the back-sheet film. A transparent top-sheet made of tempered glass, fluorine-containing polymer or special anti-reflection coatings is then placed on top of the cells, creating a sandwich-like architecture. Cross-linking the EVA by heating the entire structure in a vacuum chamber helps further strengthen the bond among the different layers.
4 Busbar production: Busbars are used to connect the solar cells in a series that produces a higher voltage. The busbars are usually made of metal wires or thin strips of metal that are coated with an anti-corrosion layer. The busbars are then printed onto the solar panel, using either screen printing or copper or silver paste deposition technology.
5 Solar glass mounting: Specialized solar glass is used for the top layer of bifacial solar panels. The glass is double-sided, and allows light to pass through from both sides. The glass is then mounted on the top of the solar cells, with the anti-reflection coating facing outwards for maximum energy absorption.
6 Frame mounting: A frame is added around the perimeter of the bifacial solar panel to help secure it and protect it from the elements. The frame is typically made of anodized aluminum, and is designed to provide strong resistance to wind, rain and other environmental stresses.
7 Quality control: Quality control is an important aspect of the manufacturing process for bifacial solar panels. Automated inspection systems are used to test the panels for structural stability, electrical conductivity, and other quality parameters. Any panels that fail the inspections are removed and repaired or discarded.
These are the main steps involved in the manufacturing of bifacial solar panels. The excellence of bifacial solar cells shows in their performance and durability, becoming the most competitive choice especially in areas with high environmental temperature fluctuations, as well as desert and snow-covered areas.